Determining the Anal Position Index in Portuguese Newborns: Is It a consistent and Reproducible Measurement?

jpedsurg.org

The anatomical position of the anus is a critical parameter in neonatal physical assessment due to its association with functional symptoms like constipation and anatomical anomalies such as anorectal malformations (ARM). The Anal Position Index (API) provides an objective and useful method for assessing anal positioning, though normal values for Portuguese newborns remain undocumented. We aimed to determine normal API values in Portuguese full-term newborns and assess interobserver variability.

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Article · Nov 2025 · 1 min read

In brief

This study establishes normative Anal Position Index (API) values for Portuguese newborns and evaluates measurement reliability between observers. The API serves as an objective tool for detecting anorectal malformations and assessing anal positioning in neonates, addressing a gap in population-specific reference data.

- Anal Position Index (API) objectively quantifies anal location, aiding detection of anorectal malformations in newborns. - Normal API values are population-specific; Portuguese newborn reference ranges were previously undocumented. - Assessing interobserver variability is essential to validate API as a reliable clinical measurement tool. - Abnormal anal positioning correlates with constipation and structural anomalies requiring early intervention. - Standardized API measurements enable consistent neonatal screening across different examiners and institutions.

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