# Pediatric Robotic Surgery — GCMD Library living collection

Also covered as: esophageal atresia

Experts: Dr. Cecilia Gigena, Dr. Johana Sosa Jurado, Dr. Jill Knepprath, Dr. Juan Gurria

Updated: n/a · 7 episodes · 92 cited statements

## Episodes
### Surgical Management
- [Robotic-Assisted Release of the Median Arcuate Ligament for Pediatric MALS](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290) — video · 4:51 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290.md)

### Evidence & Research
- [Comparison of robotic versus thoracoscopic repair for congenital esophageal atresia](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940) — video · 0:56 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940.md)
- [Johana Sosa Jurado, MD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007) — video · 5:38 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007.md)

### Case-Based Learning
- [Heat 1 Winner: Dariusz Patkowski, MD, PhD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008) — video · 2:30 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008.md)

### In-Depth Reviews
- [Dr. Marc Michalsky - Pediatric Robotic-Assisted Surgery – Developing a Programmatic Paradigm](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169) — video · 66:48 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169.md)
- [Colorectal Quiz: Episode 50 - 16th Annual European Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, October 2025 - What did we learn?](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653) — podcast · 24:17 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653.md)
- [Update Course Rewind 2025: Robotics in Pediatric Surgery: Which indications benefit the most?](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230) — video · 4:35 · [machine version](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230.md)

## Chapters
- [0:03](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=3) Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis (Ep 1)
- [1:02](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=62) Robotic Surgical Approach and Initial Dissection (Ep 1)
- [2:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=145) Median Arcuate Ligament Division and Circumferential Dissection (Ep 1)
- [3:59](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=239) Outcomes and Complication Management (Ep 1)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=0) Robotic vs Thoracoscopic Repair for Esophageal Atresia (Ep 2)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=0) Introduction of presenter and study (Ep 3)
- [0:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=25) Study presentation: epidemiological profile and outcomes (Ep 3)
- [2:18](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=138) Discussion of learning curves for complex vs. basic procedures (Ep 3)
- [3:39](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=219) Discussion of robotic surgery indications and technical considerations (Ep 3)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=0) Presentation recap and voting setup (Ep 4)
- [1:03](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=63) Winner announcement and judge commentary (Ep 4)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=0) Introduction and Background (Ep 5)
- [6:35](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=395) History of Robotic Surgery Development (Ep 5)
- [13:03](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=783) Rationale and Considerations for Program Development (Ep 5)
- [18:06](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1086) Organizational Framework and Infrastructure (Ep 5)
- [27:29](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1649) Credentialing, Scheduling, and Access (Ep 5)
- [33:30](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2010) Clinical Applications: Bariatric Surgery (Ep 5)
- [44:16](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2656) Advanced Applications and Technical Considerations (Ep 5)
- [49:17](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2957) Marketing, Education, and Future Directions (Ep 5)
- [54:11](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3251) Q&A: Support, Cost, Credentialing, Autonomy (Ep 5)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=0) Introduction and Hirschsprung Irrigation Competency (Ep 6)
- [3:07](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=187) Skincare Management in Total Colonic Hirschsprung Patients (Ep 6)
- [4:43](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=283) Diet, Minimally Invasive Techniques, and Robotic Surgery (Ep 6)
- [7:40](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=460) Goblet Cells, Bowel Stress, and Pull-Through Decompensation (Ep 6)
- [10:27](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=627) Dedicated Nursing Programs and Allied Health Component (Ep 6)
- [13:39](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=819) Transition of Care and Multidisciplinary Adult Services (Ep 6)
- [16:02](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=962) Anorectal Malformation Techniques and Cloaca Management (Ep 6)
- [20:45](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1245) General Pediatric Proctology: Anal Fissure and Crohn Disease (Ep 6)
- [22:13](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1333) Conference Attendance and Closing Remarks (Ep 6)
- [0:00](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=0) Introduction and Advantages of Robotic Surgery (Ep 7)
- [1:08](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=68) Learning Curve and Common Concerns (Ep 7)
- [2:23](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143) Colorectal Surgery Outcomes and Proficiency Requirements (Ep 7)
- [3:14](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=194) Clinical Indications and Future Outlook (Ep 7)

## Statements
Every statement is attributed, typed, and timestamped; the link is the citation.
- "The study is a retrospective multi-center study done in China" — Cecilia Gigena (epidemiological) [Ep 2 · 0:10](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=10)
- "After propensity score matching, there were 126 patients total, 63 in each group" — Cecilia Gigena (epidemiological) [Ep 2 · 0:21](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=21)
- "Robotic surgery had longer operative time compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "Robotic surgery had shorter anastomotic time compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "The robotic group had lower anastomotic strictures compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "The robotic group had lower unplanned readmissions within 2 years post-op compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "Robotic surgery appears to be a good option for esophageal atresia repair" — Cecilia Gigena (opinion) [Ep 2 · 0:46](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=46)
- "Median arcuate ligament syndrome is a chronic abdominal pain syndrome characterized by epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:10](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=10)
- "The pain in MALS is usually worse after meals and eventually leads to anorexia and weight loss." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:18](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=18)
- "MALS is a diagnosis of exclusion hypothesized to be caused by compression of the celiac artery and celiac plexus by the median arcuate ligament, a fibrous band at the intersection of the left and right diaphragmatic crura." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=25)
- "Multiple imaging modalities are useful in identifying celiac compression for MALS diagnosis, including CTA, MRA, and conventional angiography." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:39](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=39)
- "Dynamic flow changes in MALS can be evaluated by duplex ultrasound, with flow restriction worsening during expiration due to changes in the position of the diaphragm." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=51)
- "Due to the presence of a mechanical constriction, the treatment for MALS is surgical release." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:02](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=62)
- "Robotic MALS surgery offers improved 3-dimensional visualization, flexibility and end or wrist motion for challenging angles, elimination of tremor, and scaling of motion for fine dissection in a limited space." (opinion) [Ep 1 · 1:08](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=68)
- "In robotic MALS surgery, dissection is approached through a window in the lesser omentum." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:27](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=87)
- "Early identification of the celiac trifurcation is a key step in robotic MALS surgery." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:33](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=93)
- "Ganglionectomy is performed as encountered during the dissection of fibrous bands and perivascular connective tissue in MALS surgery." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:41](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=101)
- "Dissection in MALS surgery proceeds from distal to proximal towards the origin of the celiac axis." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:54](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=114)
- "Some MALS cases require dissection of right crural fibers to reach the base of the celiac artery." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:06](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=126)
- "Division of the median arcuate ligament can be accomplished by standard hook electrocautery, bipolar energy devices, or a vessel sealing device." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=145)
- "Residual celiac trunk tortuosity may persist after initial median arcuate ligament release." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:54](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=174)
- "Dissection must continue along the anterior wall of the aorta down to the pre-adventitial plane from caudal to cranial for around 4 centimeters." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:01](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=181)
- "Circumferential dissection down to the pre-adventitial plane must be accomplished around the origins of the left gastric artery, the common hepatic artery, the splenic artery, and the celiac trunk." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:19](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=199)
- "Significant improvement in celiac trunk appearance is observed after complete circumferential dissection." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:59](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=239)
- "Following proper surgical technique, median arcuate ligament release can be accomplished safely in the pediatric population with good results." (opinion) [Ep 1 · 4:08](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=248)
- "MALS surgery carries the risk of injury to important vessels due to proximity to critical anatomy." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:18](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=258)
- "With the exposure and visualization provided by the robotic approach, vascular complications in MALS surgery can be addressed minimally invasively." (opinion) [Ep 1 · 4:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=265)
- "An avulsion of a small aortic branch during MALS surgery can be controlled with steady pressure applied via suction irrigator, temporized with a clip, and repaired with pledgeted sutures intracorporeally." (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:35](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=275)
- "Dr. Shilpa Sharma presented on exploring alternative pathways of stem cell perforation for hepatic regeneration by partial liver resection in extrahepatic biliary atresia" — Em Gootee (host_summary) [Ep 4 · 0:04](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=4)
- "Dr. Toshio Haromaz presented analysis of potential risk factors for defecation problems and their bowel management based on long-term bowel function in patients with persistent cloaca" — Em Gootee (host_summary) [Ep 4 · 0:20](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=20)
- "Dr. Dariusz Patkowski presented thoracoscopic approach for long gap esophageal atresia using internal traction technique with slipknots" — Rennie (host_summary) [Ep 4 · 0:39](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=39)
- "Dr. Johanna Gerardo presented an epidemiological study of pediatric robotic surgery at their institution" — Rennie (host_summary) [Ep 4 · 0:53](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=53)
- "Dr. Dariusz Patkowski won Heat 1 of the competition" — Em Gootee (clinical) [Ep 4 · 1:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=85)
- "The thoracoscopic procedure for long gap esophageal atresia using sliding knots is beneficial to learn" — Todd Ponsky (opinion) [Ep 4 · 1:30](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=90)
- "Data was presented suggesting that resecting liver cuts mortality down by 50% in biliary atresia, though the judge expressed uncertainty about the data" — Todd Ponsky (host_summary) [Ep 4 · 1:49](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=109)
- "The typical robotic surgery patient profile was female, 7 years old, 37 kg, with a median hospitalization of 2 days." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 0:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=51)
- "Statistically significant variables in the study were days of hospitalization, age, total surgery time, docking time, and closure time." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 0:59](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=59)
- "Complications were recorded in 14 cases out of 105 total procedures." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=70)
- "There were 2 conversions to open surgery and 2 deaths in the series." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=70)
- "The series included 76 general surgery procedures and 29 urological procedures." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:16](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=76)
- "Surgeon one performed 44.8% of procedures and surgeon two performed 55.2% of procedures." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:22](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=82)
- "Total surgery time and console time showed positive asymmetry (right-skewed distribution) for both surgeons." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:34](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=94)
- "The most common procedure was cholecystectomy, followed by pyeloplasty." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:50](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=110)
- "The average hospitalization stay was 2 days without complications." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:55](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=115)
- "The average total surgical time was 80 minutes, docking time was 12 minutes, and console time was 42 minutes." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:55](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=115)
- "The robotic surgery program at the institution ran from 2021 to 2023." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 2:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=171)
- "There is an important difference in learning curves between complex and basic robotic procedures, with colorectal surgeries requiring more time than cholecystectomy and pyeloplasty." — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 2:45](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=165)
- "Pyeloplasty is considered a complicated surgery requiring very detailed, slow movements and careful identification of structures." — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 4:47](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=287)
- "One surgeon in the program preferred urological procedures including pyeloplasty, while the other surgeon focused more on colorectal procedures." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 4:53](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=293)
- "The difference in surgeon subspecialty focus (urological vs. colorectal) contributed to differences observed in the study." — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 5:13](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=313)
- "The green telepresence system from Stanford Research Institute was originally designed as an open surgical platform, not for minimally invasive surgery." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 7:56](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=476)
- "Colonel Rick Satava had an 'aha moment' after seeing Jacques Marescaux's laparoscopic cholecystectomy video, leading him to propose marrying robotic and laparoscopic technologies." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 8:34](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=514)
- "Computer Motion's 5mm instruments were sunsetted by Intuitive after acquisition, creating a persistent gap for pediatric applications." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 13:09](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=789)
- "The transition from da Vinci SI to XI was transformational, creating much more flexible range of motion." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 12:20](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=740)
- "One large children's hospital acquired a robot without planning; it sat unused for 18 months costing $25,000/month in maintenance." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 22:12](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1332)
- "Nationwide formed a steering committee with pediatric surgery, urology, anesthesia, nursing, and periop administration to develop integrated multidisciplinary program." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 23:14](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1394)
- "Robotic cases garner a higher facility charge (level 5, ~$4000 per 15 minutes) versus laparoscopic cases (level 3, ~$2200 per 15 minutes)." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 60:27](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3627)
- "Nationwide has seen no insurance denials for robotic pre-certification and no patient reports of astronomical bills or surcharges attributed to robot use." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 61:21](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3681)
- "Maintenance of certification requires at least 10 robotic cases over a 2-year credentialing cycle plus mandatory quarterly digital simulation." — Marc Michalsky (guideline) [Ep 5 · 30:19](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1819)
- "Block time overlay system assigns automated robot availability on top of surgeons' existing block time, with 14-day release mechanism if unused." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 32:20](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1940)
- "Using longer 'bariatric' instruments spreads out the robot above the patient and reduces likelihood of external arm collisions, even in smaller children." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 34:36](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2076)
- "In Nationwide's experience of ~1000 patients, 12% of robotic cases were performed on patients less than 15kg, primarily driven by urology." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 35:29](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2129)
- "No difference in operating time, 30-day complications, or readmissions for sleeve gastrectomy above versus below BMI 50." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 36:43](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2203)
- "Learning curve for robotic sleeve gastrectomy decreased from 132 minutes with SI to 36 minutes with XI; speaker has performed cases in 21 minutes." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 41:44](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2504)
- "Robotic sleeve gastrectomy initially took 30 minutes longer than laparoscopic but patients were discharged earlier." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 41:07](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2467)
- "No difference in time or complications for robotic acute cholecystitis versus elective cholecystectomy." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 43:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2631)
- "Robotic surgery experience has made the speaker a better laparoscopic surgeon, particularly for intracorporeal knot tying." — Marc Michalsky (opinion) [Ep 5 · 44:29](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2669)
- "Intuitive has 4 pediatric surgeons working for it, including James Wall, all with Stanford/Palo Alto connections." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 58:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3505)
- "Intuitive is working with FDA to reconfigure clearance from specific case indications to categories, which will include pediatrics." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 58:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3505)
- "Carl Storz platform has 5mm instrumentation and strong interest in pediatric applications." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 59:07](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3547)
- "Intuitive will not build a pediatric-specific robot as it would require ~$1 billion investment without adequate ROI." — Marc Michalsky (opinion) [Ep 5 · 59:17](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3557)
- "Fellow credentialing requires 10 bedside assists and 20 console cases as primary surgeon, plus skills/drills and certificate completion." — Marc Michalsky (guideline) [Ep 5 · 62:42](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3762)
- "Hopkins performed a robotic cholecystectomy in a pig cadaver model with effectively no human input earlier this summer." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 55:30](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3330)
- "J&J has partnership with Google for metadata power to develop digital overlay systems incorporating axial imaging into robotic view." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 64:45](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3885)
- "Dr. Clatworthy was the first pediatric surgeon in Ohio, trained by Dr. Gross at Boston Children's, and became first surgeon-in-chief at Columbus Children's Hospital." — Marc Michalsky (host_summary) [Ep 5 · 4:32](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=272)
- "Teen-LABS data at 10 years shows effectively no difference in outcomes between Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy." — Marc Michalsky (host_summary) [Ep 5 · 39:10](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2350)
- "Many centers are starting irrigation competency even with an ostomy in place, particularly for total colonic Hirschsprung patients, to ease the transition after takedown." — Lindsay Clark (clinical) [Ep 6 · 1:17](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=77)
- "Enterocolitis remains a risk for Hirschsprung patients even after pull-through, at about a rate of 20% of all patients." (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 2:13](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=133)
- "Regular irrigations minimize enterocolitis risk in Hirschsprung patients." (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 2:21](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=141)
- "Total colonic Hirschsprung patients with a stoma are the highest risk group for enterocolitis and must receive irrigation teaching before pull-through." — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 2:45](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=165)
- "Most centers still do some kind of stool crusting—putting stool on the patient's bottom while they have a stoma for small periods of time—to help get their bottom used to it." — Megan Misa (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 3:35](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=215)
- "Betel leaf was used in Bangladesh as a barrier for peristomal skin with excellent results, showing pristine skin underneath." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 3:59](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=239)
- "Diet management for Hirschsprung patients is not one size fits all; families must identify individual food triggers through pattern recognition." — Lindsay Clark (clinical) [Ep 6 · 4:48](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=288)
- "There have been advances in robotic-assisted Hirschsprung repair and the use of ICG (indocyanine green fluorescence imaging) to check blood supply of pull-throughs." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 5:23](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=323)
- "ICG fluorescence imaging is used to assess real-time tissue perfusion and vascularity during pull-throughs and can reduce the risk of leaks and ischemia." (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 5:36](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=336)
- "High-frequency ultrasound measurement of internal muscle thickness can help determine the segment of aganglionic bowel in Hirschsprung disease, potentially avoiding biopsy." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 5:49](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=349)
- "Robotic colorectal surgery is becoming feasible in children less than 10 kg because equipment is improving." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 6:40](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=400)
- "Robotic surgery is not as expensive anymore as it used to be; expenses are almost equivalent to other techniques." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 6:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=411)
- "Single-incision laparoscopic Malone procedures were presented with really great results and better post-operative recovery." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 7:21](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=441)
- "Goblet cells increase from proximal to distal colon, and the mucosal mucus layer has a protective role; more proximal resection may increase enterocolitis risk because proximal segments produce less mucus." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 7:40](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=460)
- "Mechanical stress and distension on the bowel wall leads to increased gut microbial dysbiosis and breakdown of the mucosal lining and barrier, with upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors affecting immune response." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 8:37](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=517)
- "Most Hirschsprung pull-throughs that decompensate had good original pathology but were not aggressively managed post-operatively with laxatives and Botox when needed." — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 9:39](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=579)
- "The 16th European Pediatric Colorectal meeting had the largest nursing attendance of any of the previous 15 meetings." — Marc Levitt (epidemiological) [Ep 6 · 10:35](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=635)
- "Without nursing partners, surgeons cannot achieve good functional outcomes; two patients with identical technical repairs can have totally different results based on nursing care quality." — Marc Levitt (opinion) [Ep 6 · 11:41](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=701)
- "Transition programs for pediatric colorectal patients often fail or are lacking in many parts of the world; patients need sexologists, gynecologists, and urologists more than adult colorectal surgeons." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 13:49](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=829)
- "The Ready Steady Go program uses patient questionnaires to assess knowledge of disease, symptoms, and readiness for transition to adult care." (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 14:40](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=880)
- "Adult colorectal surgeons need to understand what Hirschsprung disease and anorectal malformation patients might need when they are 50 years old with complications like rectal prolapse." — Marc Levitt (opinion) [Ep 6 · 15:29](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=929)
- "The perineal-preserving PSARP (PPP) avoids perineal body dissection and the risk of dehiscence, potentially eliminating the need for colostomies in some patients." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 16:25](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=985)
- "The posterectal advancement anoplasty (PRAA) mobilizes only the posterior rectal wall in males with perineal fistula and some females when the fistula is in the anteriormost extent of the sphincteric ellipse." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 16:57](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1017)
- "In vestibular fistula repair, dissection does not need to reach the areolar plane between anterior rectum and posterior vagina; the key is ensuring the rectum has no tension during anoplasty." — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 17:18](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1038)
- "Delaying vaginal reconstruction in cloaca may allow for other surgical options with less morbidity and avoid bowel vaginoplasty." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 18:07](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1087)
- "A bowel neovagina can hold the spot in cloaca patients and be resected later in life when the patient is older." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 18:27](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1107)
- "Cloaca patients need long-term follow-up during puberty to avoid menstrual obstruction, incapacity for egress, and risk of endometriosis and damage to uterus and fallopian tubes." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 18:44](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1124)
- "Mullerian structures that look atretic may actually grow into real useful structures, supporting a strategy of waiting rather than immediate reconstruction." — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 19:24](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1164)
- "A bowel neovagina can bridge the gap when native vagina does not reach after urogenital separation, and can be removed in the future when the native vagina is pulled through after puberty." — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 19:50](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1190)
- "Removal of the skin tag in chronic anal fissure can lead to better long-term healing, along with injection of 20 to 50 units of Botox." — Felipe Gli (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 21:04](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1264)
- "There is a higher incidence of perianal disease in children with Crohn disease, and perianal disease can be the first hint that a patient will develop Crohn disease." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 21:35](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1295)
- "Enteral nutrition is as effective as steroids in treating transmural inflammation or stenosis of the small bowel in Crohn disease." — Marc Levitt (host_summary) [Ep 6 · 21:53](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1313)
- "The 16th European Pediatric Colorectal meeting had well over 250 attendees from diverse international locations including Asia, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam, and multiple U.S. states." — Marc Levitt (epidemiological) [Ep 6 · 22:20](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1340)
- "All pediatric surgical patients are good candidates for robotic surgery." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 0:33](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=33)
- "Robotic surgery provides 7 degrees of freedom for mobility compared to the human hand's 6 degrees." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 0:41](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=41)
- "Robotic surgery reduces postoperative pain and infection risk, leading to faster recovery." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 1:02](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=62)
- "The learning curve for robotic surgery is better than laparoscopic surgery." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:21](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=81)
- "Time to reduce operative times is way faster for robotic surgery than laparoscopic after a few cases." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:26](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=86)
- "There is no FDA approval for robotic surgery in pediatrics, but it should be coming soon." — Juan Gurria (guideline) [Ep 7 · 1:42](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=102)
- "After a few cases, robotic surgery decreases operative time, which reduces costs in the long run." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:53](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=113)
- "New robotic systems allow surgeons to detect when suture is about to rupture." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:05](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=125)
- "Robotic surgery improves depth perception compared to laparoscopic surgery." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:09](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=129)
- "Robotic surgery reduces surgeon fatigue compared to laparoscopic surgery." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:14](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=134)
- "Surgeons get tactile feedback from visual cues in robotic surgery, and it takes only a few cases to adapt." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:17](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=137)
- "In colorectal surgery, robotic operative time is longer than laparoscopic." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:23](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143)
- "Laparoscopy has a higher conversion rate to open surgery than robotic surgery in colorectal cases." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:23](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143)
- "Both robotic and laparoscopic surgery have comparable oncologic results." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:32](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=152)
- "With trained personnel, room turnover time for robotic surgery equals that of laparoscopic surgery." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:37](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=157)
- "Basic proficiency in laparoscopy requires 20 to 30 cases." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:51](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=171)
- "Basic proficiency in robotic surgery requires 10 to 15 cases." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:55](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=175)
- "It takes half the number of cases to become proficient in robotic surgery versus laparoscopy." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 2:57](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=177)
- "Robotic surgery does not impair outcomes in oncologic surgeries." — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 3:07](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=187)
- "Robotics can be indicated for surgeries in the chest, pelvic reconstruction, abdominal tumors, and urology." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 3:14](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=194)
- "In smaller patients, ports should be measured 3 centimeters apart." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 3:24](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=204)
- "Future pediatric surgeons entering the field will be doing robotic surgery rather than laparoscopy." (opinion) [Ep 7 · 3:28](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=208)
- "Robotic surgery in pediatric patients is ideal in select cases including adrenal masses, polyoco cysts, and nephrectomies." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 3:38](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=218)
- "Reported cons of robotic surgery include cost, setup time, the size of the ports, and a steep learning curve." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 3:52](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=232)
- "Once proficiency is achieved, operative times and conversions to open surgery are lower for robotic surgery compared to laparoscopy." — Jill Knepprath (host_summary) [Ep 7 · 4:06](https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=246)

## Changelog
- Sep 9: Summaries and takeaways published for 4 audiences
- Sep 7: Audit reverted — short clips unhidden
- Aug 31: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: Members-only episodes removed from this collection
- Aug 29: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 29: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 29: Collection generated from campaign corpus: 21 items, 15 dossiers, summaries for 4 audience(s)
- Aug 29: Collection reviewed and published
- Aug 29: Collection generated from campaign corpus: 15 items, 15 dossiers, summaries for 4 audience(s)

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Educational content from recorded physician discussions — not medical advice. Cite the canonical URL or the ?t= deep link. Policy: https://qa.library.globalcastmd.com/ai