Jose Campos
175 statements · 16 topics · summaries given as host listed separately
Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM)
· guest expert
Etiologies (Gastroschisis/NEC/Atresia/Volvulus)
· guest expert
Inguinal Hernia
· guest expert
Intestinal Rehab
· guest expert
Pancreatitis
· guest expert
Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo)
· guest expert
Featured statements
I don't do a contrast study to assess for reflux. I just do it to rule out secondary causes of reflux. This is an important point. The only reason that I think an upper GI is needed is to rule out secondary causes of reflux such as malrotation or a web. That is it. So, I determined that they need to be treated for reflux based on clinical evaluation, not a test.
quote ·
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
quote ·
Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM)
I think many times patients with neurological impairment and discoordinated swallowing, they, they just get their aspiration pneumonia from, from their saliva.
quote ·
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
I learned to do the repair before discharge just because what I've learned is that the younger the baby, the higher the risk of incarceration.
quote ·
Inguinal Hernia
A transverse abdominal incision (rather than subcostal) allows intraoperative decision-making between flap and mesh repair based on defect size, making mesh repair slightly more difficult but not impossible.
clinical ·
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
The azygous vein drains the bronchi, trachea, and esophagus, and its division may lead to impaired function postoperatively and impaired clearance of mucus and debris from the tracheobronchial tree
clinical ·
Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo)
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Jose's statements about Appendicitis 4 statements
Open the Appendicitis collection →
Journal Club: Appendicitis in 2021
Quotation
OK, hello guys. I, I'm Jose Campos. I'm a pediatric surgeon from Chile. I work, work at Sodero del Rio Hospital and I'm also part of a group that is part of The Chilean Society of Pediatric Surgery.
Open
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Statement
The Chilean Society of Pediatric Surgery screens approximately 1,200 articles each month from non-pediatric surgical journals to identify the 3% relevant to pediatric surgery.
Open
Statement
The original description of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was done by Todd Ponsky Sr.
Open
Jose's statements about Appendicitis 1 statement
Open the Appendicitis collection →
Journal Club: Appendicitis in 2021
Quotation
OK, hello guys. I, I'm Jose Campos. I'm a pediatric surgeon from Chile. I work, work at Sodero del Rio Hospital and I'm also part of a group that is part of The Chilean Society of Pediatric Surgery.
Open
Jose's statements about Cholelithiasis 10 statements
Open the Cholelithiasis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Quotation
Chile is the country with the highest rate of cholelithiasis, so this is something we we can actually say something.
Open
Quotation
Not even the reliable patient, we should send them home without their gallbladder removed.
Open
Quotation
The negative predictive value of this algorithm is 98%. That means that you're gonna be in that nasty situation, uh, if, uh, only 2% of the time if you trust this algorithm.
Open
Quotation
I don't think we can get more precise than this algorithm in terms of predicting CBDs tolls pre preoperatively.
Open
Quotation
I, I don't like this study a lot to call it the new standard practice. I think with you too much.
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared different time periods rather than contemporaneous groups, confounding the comparison with improvements in surgical skill and instruments over time
Open
Statement
The ICG study combined all complications without separately reporting common bile duct injuries, and bleeding complications are unlikely attributable to presence or absence of ICG
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared ICG to simple visualization without any imaging technique, not to intraoperative cholangiogram, making improved visualization an expected rather than surprising finding
Open
Jose's statements about Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 2 statements
Open the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 2023
Quotation
It's not about laparoscopy versus open. The question is, why would there be any difference in the recurrence rate?
Open
Statement
A transverse abdominal incision (rather than subcostal) allows intraoperative decision-making between flap and mesh repair based on defect size, making mesh repair slightly more difficult but not impossible.
Open
Jose's statements about Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM) 20 statements
Open the Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM) collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Quotation
I was always told that. This should be operated because the risk of them becoming symptomatic was pretty high.
Open
Statement
The 2017 study is the only completely prospective study on CPAM natural history and the only one dealing with long-term follow-up
Open
Statement
The 2017 study is the only completely prospective study on CPAM natural history and the only one dealing with long-term follow-up
Open
Statement
Retrospective studies show a huge range of 3-85% for risk of becoming symptomatic, but systematic reviews narrow this to 3.2% in one review and 25% in another
Open
Statement
For prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic CPAM, Dr. Campos would find it very difficult to recommend operation; for postnatally diagnosed lesions, very difficult not to operate
Open
Quotation
To me, my opinion is that prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic, I would find it very difficult for them to give them an operation, very difficult, and postnatally diagnosed, I would find it very difficult not to do an operation.
Open
Statement
For prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic CPAM, Dr. Campos would find it very difficult to recommend operation; for postnatally diagnosed lesions, very difficult not to operate
Open
Quotation
To me, my opinion is that prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic, I would find it very difficult for them to give them an operation, very difficult, and postnatally diagnosed, I would find it very difficult not to do an operation.
Open
Statement
The International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry has 350 cases reported worldwide and has found only 9 cases of prenatally diagnosed lesions that turned out to be pleuropulmonary blastoma
Open
Statement
Common practice in Chile is to resect prenatally diagnosed CPAMs, but after reviewing the literature, the academic discussion at Dr. Campos's hospital now leans toward not operating
Open
Statement
Common practice in Chile is to resect prenatally diagnosed CPAMs, but after reviewing the literature, the academic discussion at Dr. Campos's hospital now leans toward not operating
Open
Statement
After infection, there is a higher rate of conversion from thoracoscopy to open surgery
Open
Statement
The number of patients who will have an infection is so low that the benefit of lesser conversion rate does not justify preemptive surgery in all cases
Open
Statement
The number of patients who will have an infection is so low that the benefit of lesser conversion rate does not justify preemptive surgery in all cases
Open
Statement
The 1-3 month group had a 40% thoracotomy rate, suggesting the outcome depends on surgeon expertise in performing safe thoracoscopy
Open
Statement
The 1-3 month group had a 40% thoracotomy rate, suggesting the outcome depends on surgeon expertise in performing safe thoracoscopy
Open
Statement
Elective preventive resection should be easy and have nearly zero complications; prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications
Open
Quotation
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
Open
Statement
Elective preventive resection should be easy and have nearly zero complications; prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications
Open
Quotation
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
Open
Jose's statements about Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation 8 statements
Open the Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Statement
The 2017 study is the only completely prospective study on CPAM natural history and the only one dealing with long-term follow-up
Open
Statement
For prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic CPAM, Dr. Campos would find it very difficult to recommend operation; for postnatally diagnosed lesions, very difficult not to operate
Open
Quotation
To me, my opinion is that prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic, I would find it very difficult for them to give them an operation, very difficult, and postnatally diagnosed, I would find it very difficult not to do an operation.
Open
Statement
Common practice in Chile is to resect prenatally diagnosed CPAMs, but after reviewing the literature, the academic discussion at Dr. Campos's hospital now leans toward not operating
Open
Statement
The number of patients who will have an infection is so low that the benefit of lesser conversion rate does not justify preemptive surgery in all cases
Open
Statement
The 1-3 month group had a 40% thoracotomy rate, suggesting the outcome depends on surgeon expertise in performing safe thoracoscopy
Open
Quotation
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
Open
Statement
Elective preventive resection should be easy and have nearly zero complications; prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications
Open
Jose's statements about Esophageal Atresia 8 statements
Open the Esophageal Atresia collection →
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Statement
The endpoint of chest infection in the azygous vein meta-analysis was not clearly defined across studies—some used 'chest infection,' some 'pneumonitis,' some 'pneumonia'—making it a non-homogeneous endpoint
Open
Quotation
I think this article is well done. They actually adjusted for gestational earthquake leak the. Length of the gap, the tension, everything.
Open
Quotation
I think we should get rid of it, and it's going to take a while for people to be brave and change their practice, but I think this one's a no-brainer for me.
Open
Statement
Congenital esophageal stenosis is associated with esophageal atresia in 7% to 10% of cases and most are diagnosed really late, sometimes after the anastomosis fails
Open
Statement
Passing a tube through the anastomosis to check for resistance can help identify distal esophageal stenosis intraoperatively
Open
Statement
Not giving antibiotics postoperatively helps detect complications early rather than having antibiotics cover a complication
Open
Statement
Giving PPIs to neonates can increase pneumonia in different populations, but the risk is very minimal
Open
Quotation
I think it's difficult as a trainee or as a young surgeon to challenge the very same people who has taught you to do something. But with this new evidence, I feel that we can find common ground.
Open
Jose's statements about Etiologies (Gastroschisis/NEC/Atresia/Volvulus) 3 statements
Open the Etiologies (Gastroschisis/NEC/Atresia/Volvulus) collection →
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Statement
The Chilean Society of Pediatric Surgery screens approximately 1,200 articles each month from non-pediatric surgical journals to identify the 3% relevant to pediatric surgery.
Open
Statement
The original description of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was done by Todd Ponsky Sr.
Open
Jose's statements about Gallstone Pancreatitis 24 statements
Open the Gallstone Pancreatitis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Quotation
Chile is the country with the highest rate of cholelithiasis, so this is something we we can actually say something.
Open
Quotation
Chile is the country with the highest rate of cholelithiasis, so this is something we we can actually say something.
Open
Quotation
Not even the reliable patient, we should send them home without their gallbladder removed.
Open
Quotation
Not even the reliable patient, we should send them home without their gallbladder removed.
Open
Statement
The machine learning algorithm for predicting CBD stones has a negative predictive value of 98%, meaning only 2% chance of missing stones when algorithm predicts low risk
Open
Quotation
The negative predictive value of this algorithm is 98%. That means that you're gonna be in that nasty situation, uh, if, uh, only 2% of the time if you trust this algorithm.
Open
Quotation
The negative predictive value of this algorithm is 98%. That means that you're gonna be in that nasty situation, uh, if, uh, only 2% of the time if you trust this algorithm.
Open
Quotation
I don't think we can get more precise than this algorithm in terms of predicting CBDs tolls pre preoperatively.
Open
Quotation
I don't think we can get more precise than this algorithm in terms of predicting CBDs tolls pre preoperatively.
Open
Statement
The laparoscopic common bile duct exploration study included 4 centers with a broad range of surgeons, demonstrating feasibility beyond single expert centers
Open
Statement
Of patients who had ERCP after failed laparoscopic CBD exploration (14% of OR-first group), outcomes were good without increased bile duct leak or complications
Open
Statement
In the stepwise laparoscopic CBD exploration approach, 84% of patients had stones cleared with saline flush through a ureteral catheter alone
Open
Quotation
I, I don't like this study a lot to call it the new standard practice. I think with you too much.
Open
Quotation
I, I don't like this study a lot to call it the new standard practice. I think with you too much.
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared different time periods rather than contemporaneous groups, confounding the comparison with improvements in surgical skill and instruments over time
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared different time periods rather than contemporaneous groups, confounding the comparison with improvements in surgical skill and instruments over time
Open
Statement
The ICG study combined all complications without separately reporting common bile duct injuries, and bleeding complications are unlikely attributable to presence or absence of ICG
Open
Statement
The ICG study combined all complications without separately reporting common bile duct injuries, and bleeding complications are unlikely attributable to presence or absence of ICG
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared ICG to simple visualization without any imaging technique, not to intraoperative cholangiogram, making improved visualization an expected rather than surprising finding
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared ICG to simple visualization without any imaging technique, not to intraoperative cholangiogram, making improved visualization an expected rather than surprising finding
Open
Jose's statements about Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease 10 statements
Open the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: G-Tube & Fundoplication for GERD 2023
Statement
Reflux treatment decisions should be based on clinical evaluation, not diagnostic tests
Open
Quotation
I don't do a contrast study to assess for reflux. I just do it to rule out secondary causes of reflux. This is an important point. The only reason that I think an upper GI is needed is to rule out secondary causes of reflux such as malrotation or a web. That is it. So, I determined that they need to be treated for reflux based on clinical evaluation, not a test.
Open
Statement
Upper GI contrast study should only be performed to rule out secondary causes of reflux such as malrotation or web, not to diagnose reflux itself
Open
Quotation
I was always told that you could avoid aspiration pneumonias with these interventions like post-polaric feeds or fund applications, and I'm not. So sure about that.
Open
Statement
In 10-year follow-up data, only a tiny percentage of patients who received G-tubes ended up needing a subsequent fundoplication; most G-tubes placed were maintained for life without fundoplication
Open
Statement
Patients with neurological impairment and discoordinated swallowing often get aspiration pneumonia from their saliva, not gastric contents
Open
Quotation
I think many times patients with neurological impairment and discoordinated swallowing, they, they just get their aspiration pneumonia from, from their saliva.
Open
Statement
Laparoscopic gastrostomy allows better choice of stomach location and permits primary button placement, avoiding need for second anesthetic to replace PEG with button
Open
Statement
Previous feeding advancement protocol involved 5-day admission starting with continuous feeds, then compressing to 3-hour then 2-hour intervals, and only attempting bolus feeds after 5 days
Open
Statement
Current feeding advancement protocol for uncomplicated gastrostomy: start with 50% volume, if tolerated advance to 100%, discharge after 2-3 tolerated feeds
Open
Jose's statements about Inguinal Hernia 4 statements
Open the Inguinal Hernia collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Quotation
I learned to do the repair before discharge just because what I've learned is that the younger the baby, the higher the risk of incarceration.
Open
Quotation
I read this article very carefully and I said, look, I could actually change my practice and actually sending the baby home. I could reduce the hospital stay and, more importantly, reduce the chance of them having a serious adverse effect by 10%.
Open
Quotation
We've been dealing with this pathologies like for 100 years, and we still don't know the natural history of PPVs and inguinal hernias, and I'm just happy. That these 3 articles that we brought are bringing freshness or novelty or curiosity for some things that have been taught very dogmatically like the discussions we've had.
Open
Jose's statements about Intestinal Rehab 3 statements
Open the Intestinal Rehab collection →
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Statement
The Chilean Society of Pediatric Surgery screens approximately 1,200 articles each month from non-pediatric surgical journals to identify the 3% relevant to pediatric surgery.
Open
Statement
The original description of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was done by Todd Ponsky Sr.
Open
Jose's statements about Pancreatitis 24 statements
Open the Pancreatitis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Quotation
Chile is the country with the highest rate of cholelithiasis, so this is something we we can actually say something.
Open
Quotation
Chile is the country with the highest rate of cholelithiasis, so this is something we we can actually say something.
Open
Quotation
Not even the reliable patient, we should send them home without their gallbladder removed.
Open
Quotation
Not even the reliable patient, we should send them home without their gallbladder removed.
Open
Quotation
The negative predictive value of this algorithm is 98%. That means that you're gonna be in that nasty situation, uh, if, uh, only 2% of the time if you trust this algorithm.
Open
Quotation
The negative predictive value of this algorithm is 98%. That means that you're gonna be in that nasty situation, uh, if, uh, only 2% of the time if you trust this algorithm.
Open
Statement
The machine learning algorithm for predicting CBD stones has a negative predictive value of 98%, meaning only 2% chance of missing stones when algorithm predicts low risk
Open
Quotation
I don't think we can get more precise than this algorithm in terms of predicting CBDs tolls pre preoperatively.
Open
Quotation
I don't think we can get more precise than this algorithm in terms of predicting CBDs tolls pre preoperatively.
Open
Statement
The laparoscopic common bile duct exploration study included 4 centers with a broad range of surgeons, demonstrating feasibility beyond single expert centers
Open
Statement
Of patients who had ERCP after failed laparoscopic CBD exploration (14% of OR-first group), outcomes were good without increased bile duct leak or complications
Open
Statement
In the stepwise laparoscopic CBD exploration approach, 84% of patients had stones cleared with saline flush through a ureteral catheter alone
Open
Quotation
I, I don't like this study a lot to call it the new standard practice. I think with you too much.
Open
Quotation
I, I don't like this study a lot to call it the new standard practice. I think with you too much.
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared different time periods rather than contemporaneous groups, confounding the comparison with improvements in surgical skill and instruments over time
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared different time periods rather than contemporaneous groups, confounding the comparison with improvements in surgical skill and instruments over time
Open
Statement
The ICG study combined all complications without separately reporting common bile duct injuries, and bleeding complications are unlikely attributable to presence or absence of ICG
Open
Statement
The ICG study combined all complications without separately reporting common bile duct injuries, and bleeding complications are unlikely attributable to presence or absence of ICG
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared ICG to simple visualization without any imaging technique, not to intraoperative cholangiogram, making improved visualization an expected rather than surprising finding
Open
Statement
The ICG study compared ICG to simple visualization without any imaging technique, not to intraoperative cholangiogram, making improved visualization an expected rather than surprising finding
Open
Jose's statements about Patent Processus Vaginalis 4 statements
Open the Patent Processus Vaginalis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Quotation
I learned to do the repair before discharge just because what I've learned is that the younger the baby, the higher the risk of incarceration.
Open
Quotation
I read this article very carefully and I said, look, I could actually change my practice and actually sending the baby home. I could reduce the hospital stay and, more importantly, reduce the chance of them having a serious adverse effect by 10%.
Open
Quotation
We've been dealing with this pathologies like for 100 years, and we still don't know the natural history of PPVs and inguinal hernias, and I'm just happy. That these 3 articles that we brought are bringing freshness or novelty or curiosity for some things that have been taught very dogmatically like the discussions we've had.
Open
Jose's statements about Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo) 42 statements
Open the Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo) collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Quotation
I was always told that. This should be operated because the risk of them becoming symptomatic was pretty high.
Open
Statement
The 2017 study is the only completely prospective study on CPAM natural history and the only one dealing with long-term follow-up
Open
Statement
The 2017 study is the only completely prospective study on CPAM natural history and the only one dealing with long-term follow-up
Open
Statement
Retrospective studies show a huge range of 3-85% for risk of becoming symptomatic, but systematic reviews narrow this to 3.2% in one review and 25% in another
Open
Statement
For prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic CPAM, Dr. Campos would find it very difficult to recommend operation; for postnatally diagnosed lesions, very difficult not to operate
Open
Quotation
To me, my opinion is that prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic, I would find it very difficult for them to give them an operation, very difficult, and postnatally diagnosed, I would find it very difficult not to do an operation.
Open
Statement
For prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic CPAM, Dr. Campos would find it very difficult to recommend operation; for postnatally diagnosed lesions, very difficult not to operate
Open
Quotation
To me, my opinion is that prenatally diagnosed asymptomatic, I would find it very difficult for them to give them an operation, very difficult, and postnatally diagnosed, I would find it very difficult not to do an operation.
Open
Statement
The International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry has 350 cases reported worldwide and has found only 9 cases of prenatally diagnosed lesions that turned out to be pleuropulmonary blastoma
Open
Statement
Common practice in Chile is to resect prenatally diagnosed CPAMs, but after reviewing the literature, the academic discussion at Dr. Campos's hospital now leans toward not operating
Open
Statement
Common practice in Chile is to resect prenatally diagnosed CPAMs, but after reviewing the literature, the academic discussion at Dr. Campos's hospital now leans toward not operating
Open
Statement
After infection, there is a higher rate of conversion from thoracoscopy to open surgery
Open
Statement
The number of patients who will have an infection is so low that the benefit of lesser conversion rate does not justify preemptive surgery in all cases
Open
Statement
The number of patients who will have an infection is so low that the benefit of lesser conversion rate does not justify preemptive surgery in all cases
Open
Statement
The 1-3 month group had a 40% thoracotomy rate, suggesting the outcome depends on surgeon expertise in performing safe thoracoscopy
Open
Statement
The 1-3 month group had a 40% thoracotomy rate, suggesting the outcome depends on surgeon expertise in performing safe thoracoscopy
Open
Quotation
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
Open
Quotation
I, I see your point, but actually if you're doing an, an elective preventive resection of something. Uh, it, it should be easy. It should be easy. It should have nearly zero complications like prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications.
Open
Statement
Elective preventive resection should be easy and have nearly zero complications; prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications
Open
Statement
Elective preventive resection should be easy and have nearly zero complications; prophylactic operations should be close to zero complications
Open
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Statement
The azygous vein drains the bronchi, trachea, and esophagus, and its division may lead to impaired function postoperatively and impaired clearance of mucus and debris from the tracheobronchial tree
Open
Statement
The endpoint of chest infection in the azygous vein meta-analysis was not clearly defined across studies—some used 'chest infection,' some 'pneumonitis,' some 'pneumonia'—making it a non-homogeneous endpoint
Open
Statement
The endpoint of chest infection in the azygous vein meta-analysis was not clearly defined across studies—some used 'chest infection,' some 'pneumonitis,' some 'pneumonia'—making it a non-homogeneous endpoint
Open
Quotation
I think this article is well done. They actually adjusted for gestational earthquake leak the. Length of the gap, the tension, everything.
Open
Quotation
I think this article is well done. They actually adjusted for gestational earthquake leak the. Length of the gap, the tension, everything.
Open
Statement
The Quebec study adjusted for gestational age, leak, length of gap, and tension, and still found almost 3 times higher stricture rates with transanastomotic tubes
Open
Quotation
I think we should get rid of it, and it's going to take a while for people to be brave and change their practice, but I think this one's a no-brainer for me.
Open
Quotation
I think we should get rid of it, and it's going to take a while for people to be brave and change their practice, but I think this one's a no-brainer for me.
Open
Statement
Congenital esophageal stenosis is associated with esophageal atresia in 7% to 10% of cases and most are diagnosed really late, sometimes after the anastomosis fails
Open
Statement
Congenital esophageal stenosis is associated with esophageal atresia in 7% to 10% of cases and most are diagnosed really late, sometimes after the anastomosis fails
Open
Statement
Passing a tube through the anastomosis to check for resistance can help identify distal esophageal stenosis intraoperatively
Open
Statement
Passing a tube through the anastomosis to check for resistance can help identify distal esophageal stenosis intraoperatively
Open
Statement
Not giving antibiotics postoperatively helps detect complications early rather than having antibiotics cover a complication
Open
Statement
Not giving antibiotics postoperatively helps detect complications early rather than having antibiotics cover a complication
Open
Statement
Giving PPIs to neonates can increase pneumonia in different populations, but the risk is very minimal
Open
Statement
Giving PPIs to neonates can increase pneumonia in different populations, but the risk is very minimal
Open
Quotation
I think it's difficult as a trainee or as a young surgeon to challenge the very same people who has taught you to do something. But with this new evidence, I feel that we can find common ground.
Open
Quotation
I think it's difficult as a trainee or as a young surgeon to challenge the very same people who has taught you to do something. But with this new evidence, I feel that we can find common ground.
Open
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Quotation
I learned to do the repair before discharge just because what I've learned is that the younger the baby, the higher the risk of incarceration.
Open
Quotation
I read this article very carefully and I said, look, I could actually change my practice and actually sending the baby home. I could reduce the hospital stay and, more importantly, reduce the chance of them having a serious adverse effect by 10%.
Open
Quotation
We've been dealing with this pathologies like for 100 years, and we still don't know the natural history of PPVs and inguinal hernias, and I'm just happy. That these 3 articles that we brought are bringing freshness or novelty or curiosity for some things that have been taught very dogmatically like the discussions we've had.
Open
Jose's statements about Tracheoesophageal Fistula 8 statements
Open the Tracheoesophageal Fistula collection →
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Statement
The endpoint of chest infection in the azygous vein meta-analysis was not clearly defined across studies—some used 'chest infection,' some 'pneumonitis,' some 'pneumonia'—making it a non-homogeneous endpoint
Open
Quotation
I think this article is well done. They actually adjusted for gestational earthquake leak the. Length of the gap, the tension, everything.
Open
Quotation
I think we should get rid of it, and it's going to take a while for people to be brave and change their practice, but I think this one's a no-brainer for me.
Open
Statement
Congenital esophageal stenosis is associated with esophageal atresia in 7% to 10% of cases and most are diagnosed really late, sometimes after the anastomosis fails
Open
Statement
Passing a tube through the anastomosis to check for resistance can help identify distal esophageal stenosis intraoperatively
Open
Statement
Not giving antibiotics postoperatively helps detect complications early rather than having antibiotics cover a complication
Open
Statement
Giving PPIs to neonates can increase pneumonia in different populations, but the risk is very minimal
Open
Quotation
I think it's difficult as a trainee or as a young surgeon to challenge the very same people who has taught you to do something. But with this new evidence, I feel that we can find common ground.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · 104 summaries
Recaps of other experts' statements, not Jose's own clinical position.
Summaries Jose gave as host · Appendicitis 10 summaries
Open the Appendicitis collection →
Journal Club: Appendicitis in 2021
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The RIFT study prospectively evaluated 15 different clinical prediction models in children with right iliac fossa pain to determine their accuracy.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The standardized ultrasound reporting template reduced CT scan utilization from 19% to 9% without affecting negative laparotomy rates.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Introduction of a standardized ultrasound reporting template reduced equivocal reports from 27% to 9%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: In a pilot RCT comparing laparoscopic surgery versus antibiotics for acute non-perforated appendicitis in children, the surgical failure rate was 0% and the medical failure rate was 45%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The pilot RCT on non-operative management had 26 patients in one arm and 24 in the other arm.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A large retrospective cohort study based on NSQIP database showed a 90% reduction in surgical site infection when using ceftriaxone plus metronidazole compared to cefoxitin for non-complicated appendicitis.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Doctor Sean Saint Peter and Whitt Holcomb in 2005 defined perforated appendicitis as a hole in the appendix or fecal material in the abdomen.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A 2008 study validated that a hole in the appendix and stool in the abdomen predict abscess rates.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A double-blinded RCT of 243 patients comparing two doses of postoperative IV antibiotics versus placebo after laparoscopic appendectomy for simple appendicitis found a significant reduction in skin infection rate from 6.6% to 0.8%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A pre-post intervention study that eliminated opioid prescriptions after non-perforated appendectomy showed no increase in self-reported pain or extra medication use after discharge.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Appendicitis 22 summaries
Open the Appendicitis collection →
Journal Club: Appendicitis in 2021
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The RIFT study prospectively evaluated 15 different clinical prediction models in children with right iliac fossa pain to determine their accuracy.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The standardized ultrasound reporting template reduced CT scan utilization from 19% to 9% without affecting negative laparotomy rates.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Introduction of a standardized ultrasound reporting template reduced equivocal reports from 27% to 9%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: In a pilot RCT comparing laparoscopic surgery versus antibiotics for acute non-perforated appendicitis in children, the surgical failure rate was 0% and the medical failure rate was 45%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The pilot RCT on non-operative management had 26 patients in one arm and 24 in the other arm.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A large retrospective cohort study based on NSQIP database showed a 90% reduction in surgical site infection when using ceftriaxone plus metronidazole compared to cefoxitin for non-complicated appendicitis.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A 2008 study validated that a hole in the appendix and stool in the abdomen predict abscess rates.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Doctor Sean Saint Peter and Whitt Holcomb in 2005 defined perforated appendicitis as a hole in the appendix or fecal material in the abdomen.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A double-blinded RCT of 243 patients comparing two doses of postoperative IV antibiotics versus placebo after laparoscopic appendectomy for simple appendicitis found a significant reduction in skin infection rate from 6.6% to 0.8%.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A pre-post intervention study that eliminated opioid prescriptions after non-perforated appendectomy showed no increase in self-reported pain or extra medication use after discharge.
Open
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A multi-institutional prospective randomized trial comparing piperacillin-tazobactam to ceftriaxone-metronidazole for perforated appendicitis was stopped at 75% enrollment when interim analysis favored the piperacillin-tazobactam group.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Intra-abdominal abscess formation was significantly lower in the piperacillin-tazobactam group with an odds ratio of 4.8.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat with piperacillin-tazobactam to prevent one intra-abdominal abscess was 5.7.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Necrotizing enterocolitis treated surgically is associated with high mortality rates and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Two previous randomized controlled trials comparing surgical techniques for NEC both failed to enroll enough patients to answer the clinical question.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A 20-center randomized controlled trial by Marty Blakely comparing initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage for NEC randomized 310 premature newborns.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: At 18 to 22 months of corrected age, the composite outcome of death and neurodevelopmental impairment was similar in both the laparotomy and peritoneal drainage groups in frequentist analysis.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Bayesian analysis of the NEC trial showed a high probability of laparotomy being superior to peritoneal drainage.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A systematic review examining gastrostomy insertion techniques reviewed 900 publications, with 58 being used for final recommendations.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Twelve studies directly compared outcomes between laparoscopic and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, showing major complication rates were significantly less common with laparoscopic placement.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat to prevent one major complication from PEG (by using laparoscopic approach instead) is 24.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A database comparison of 3,000 patients with differentiated papillary thyroid cancer found no survival difference between total thyroidectomy and thyroid lobectomy.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Cholelithiasis 4 summaries
Open the Cholelithiasis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The machine learning algorithm for predicting CBD stones has a negative predictive value of 98%, meaning only 2% chance of missing stones when algorithm predicts low risk
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The laparoscopic common bile duct exploration study included 4 centers with a broad range of surgeons, demonstrating feasibility beyond single expert centers
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: Of patients who had ERCP after failed laparoscopic CBD exploration (14% of OR-first group), outcomes were good without increased bile duct leak or complications
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: In the stepwise laparoscopic CBD exploration approach, 84% of patients had stones cleared with saline flush through a ureteral catheter alone
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 3 summaries
Open the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia 2023
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Fernando Bullettin said: The apparent benefit of FETO depends on the quality of the comparison center's ECMO results; centers with moderate or poor ECMO outcomes will show larger apparent FETO benefits.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Fernando Bullettin said: The same meta-analysis found open CDH repair was associated with more postoperative ventilator time and higher mortality rates compared to MIS repair.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Fernando Bullettin said: Meta-analysis from Canada (2014) found that minimally invasive CDH repair has higher recurrence rates (especially when patch is required) and longer operative time compared to open repair.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM) 4 summaries
Open the Congenital Lung Lesions (CPAM) collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: I was always told that. This should be operated because the risk of them becoming symptomatic was pretty high.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Retrospective studies show a huge range of 3-85% for risk of becoming symptomatic, but systematic reviews narrow this to 3.2% in one review and 25% in another
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry has 350 cases reported worldwide and has found only 9 cases of prenatally diagnosed lesions that turned out to be pleuropulmonary blastoma
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: After infection, there is a higher rate of conversion from thoracoscopy to open surgery
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation 4 summaries
Open the Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: I was always told that. This should be operated because the risk of them becoming symptomatic was pretty high.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Retrospective studies show a huge range of 3-85% for risk of becoming symptomatic, but systematic reviews narrow this to 3.2% in one review and 25% in another
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry has 350 cases reported worldwide and has found only 9 cases of prenatally diagnosed lesions that turned out to be pleuropulmonary blastoma
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: After infection, there is a higher rate of conversion from thoracoscopy to open surgery
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Esophageal Atresia 2 summaries
Open the Esophageal Atresia collection →
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The azygous vein drains the bronchi, trachea, and esophagus, and its division may lead to impaired function postoperatively and impaired clearance of mucus and debris from the tracheobronchial tree
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The Quebec study adjusted for gestational age, leak, length of gap, and tension, and still found almost 3 times higher stricture rates with transanastomotic tubes
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Etiologies (Gastroschisis/NEC/Atresia/Volvulus) 12 summaries
Open the Etiologies (Gastroschisis/NEC/Atresia/Volvulus) collection →
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A multi-institutional prospective randomized trial comparing piperacillin-tazobactam to ceftriaxone-metronidazole for perforated appendicitis was stopped at 75% enrollment when interim analysis favored the piperacillin-tazobactam group.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Intra-abdominal abscess formation was significantly lower in the piperacillin-tazobactam group with an odds ratio of 4.8.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat with piperacillin-tazobactam to prevent one intra-abdominal abscess was 5.7.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Necrotizing enterocolitis treated surgically is associated with high mortality rates and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Two previous randomized controlled trials comparing surgical techniques for NEC both failed to enroll enough patients to answer the clinical question.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A 20-center randomized controlled trial by Marty Blakely comparing initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage for NEC randomized 310 premature newborns.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: At 18 to 22 months of corrected age, the composite outcome of death and neurodevelopmental impairment was similar in both the laparotomy and peritoneal drainage groups in frequentist analysis.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Bayesian analysis of the NEC trial showed a high probability of laparotomy being superior to peritoneal drainage.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A systematic review examining gastrostomy insertion techniques reviewed 900 publications, with 58 being used for final recommendations.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Twelve studies directly compared outcomes between laparoscopic and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, showing major complication rates were significantly less common with laparoscopic placement.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat to prevent one major complication from PEG (by using laparoscopic approach instead) is 24.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A database comparison of 3,000 patients with differentiated papillary thyroid cancer found no survival difference between total thyroidectomy and thyroid lobectomy.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Gallstone Pancreatitis 4 summaries
Open the Gallstone Pancreatitis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The machine learning algorithm for predicting CBD stones has a negative predictive value of 98%, meaning only 2% chance of missing stones when algorithm predicts low risk
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The laparoscopic common bile duct exploration study included 4 centers with a broad range of surgeons, demonstrating feasibility beyond single expert centers
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: Of patients who had ERCP after failed laparoscopic CBD exploration (14% of OR-first group), outcomes were good without increased bile duct leak or complications
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: In the stepwise laparoscopic CBD exploration approach, 84% of patients had stones cleared with saline flush through a ureteral catheter alone
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Inguinal Hernia 5 summaries
Open the Inguinal Hernia collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: In the early repair group, 4% of hernias resolved spontaneously; in the late repair group, 11% resolved spontaneously
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: There was no diagnostic uncertainty in the one-stop surgery program
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: A recent Surgery journal article found that routine post-operative visits alter management in less than 1% of cases for routine pediatric surgical conditions including circumcision, orchiopexy, and inguinal hernia
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When you were facing medical problems with a low risk of complications, then family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When facing medical problems with low risk of complications, family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Intestinal Rehab 12 summaries
Open the Intestinal Rehab collection →
Update Course 2022 - TOP PUBLICATIONS IN NON- PED SURG JOURNALS - Jose Campos
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A multi-institutional prospective randomized trial comparing piperacillin-tazobactam to ceftriaxone-metronidazole for perforated appendicitis was stopped at 75% enrollment when interim analysis favored the piperacillin-tazobactam group.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Intra-abdominal abscess formation was significantly lower in the piperacillin-tazobactam group with an odds ratio of 4.8.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat with piperacillin-tazobactam to prevent one intra-abdominal abscess was 5.7.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Necrotizing enterocolitis treated surgically is associated with high mortality rates and poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Two previous randomized controlled trials comparing surgical techniques for NEC both failed to enroll enough patients to answer the clinical question.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A 20-center randomized controlled trial by Marty Blakely comparing initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage for NEC randomized 310 premature newborns.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: At 18 to 22 months of corrected age, the composite outcome of death and neurodevelopmental impairment was similar in both the laparotomy and peritoneal drainage groups in frequentist analysis.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Bayesian analysis of the NEC trial showed a high probability of laparotomy being superior to peritoneal drainage.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A systematic review examining gastrostomy insertion techniques reviewed 900 publications, with 58 being used for final recommendations.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Twelve studies directly compared outcomes between laparoscopic and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, showing major complication rates were significantly less common with laparoscopic placement.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The number needed to treat to prevent one major complication from PEG (by using laparoscopic approach instead) is 24.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: A database comparison of 3,000 patients with differentiated papillary thyroid cancer found no survival difference between total thyroidectomy and thyroid lobectomy.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Pancreatitis 4 summaries
Open the Pancreatitis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Cholelithiasis 2024
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The machine learning algorithm for predicting CBD stones has a negative predictive value of 98%, meaning only 2% chance of missing stones when algorithm predicts low risk
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The laparoscopic common bile duct exploration study included 4 centers with a broad range of surgeons, demonstrating feasibility beyond single expert centers
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: Of patients who had ERCP after failed laparoscopic CBD exploration (14% of OR-first group), outcomes were good without increased bile duct leak or complications
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: In the stepwise laparoscopic CBD exploration approach, 84% of patients had stones cleared with saline flush through a ureteral catheter alone
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Patent Processus Vaginalis 5 summaries
Open the Patent Processus Vaginalis collection →
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: In the early repair group, 4% of hernias resolved spontaneously; in the late repair group, 11% resolved spontaneously
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: There was no diagnostic uncertainty in the one-stop surgery program
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: A recent Surgery journal article found that routine post-operative visits alter management in less than 1% of cases for routine pediatric surgical conditions including circumcision, orchiopexy, and inguinal hernia
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When you were facing medical problems with a low risk of complications, then family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When facing medical problems with low risk of complications, family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo) 11 summaries
Open the Sarcoma (Ewing/Rhabdo) collection →
Case Based Journal Review - CPAM in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: I was always told that. This should be operated because the risk of them becoming symptomatic was pretty high.
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: Retrospective studies show a huge range of 3-85% for risk of becoming symptomatic, but systematic reviews narrow this to 3.2% in one review and 25% in another
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: The International Pleuropulmonary Blastoma Registry has 350 cases reported worldwide and has found only 9 cases of prenatally diagnosed lesions that turned out to be pleuropulmonary blastoma
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing the discussion: After infection, there is a higher rate of conversion from thoracoscopy to open surgery
Open
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The azygous vein drains the bronchi, trachea, and esophagus, and its division may lead to impaired function postoperatively and impaired clearance of mucus and debris from the tracheobronchial tree
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The Quebec study adjusted for gestational age, leak, length of gap, and tension, and still found almost 3 times higher stricture rates with transanastomotic tubes
Open
Case-Based Journal Review: Inguinal Hernia 2025
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: In the early repair group, 4% of hernias resolved spontaneously; in the late repair group, 11% resolved spontaneously
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: There was no diagnostic uncertainty in the one-stop surgery program
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: A recent Surgery journal article found that routine post-operative visits alter management in less than 1% of cases for routine pediatric surgical conditions including circumcision, orchiopexy, and inguinal hernia
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When facing medical problems with low risk of complications, family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizes what Dr. Todd Ponsky said: When you were facing medical problems with a low risk of complications, then family satisfaction becomes a surrogate for quality.
Open
Summaries Jose gave as host · Tracheoesophageal Fistula 2 summaries
Open the Tracheoesophageal Fistula collection →
Case Based Journal Review: Esophageal Atresia in 2022
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The azygous vein drains the bronchi, trachea, and esophagus, and its division may lead to impaired function postoperatively and impaired clearance of mucus and debris from the tracheobronchial tree
Open
Host summary
Jose Campos summarizing a resource: The Quebec study adjusted for gestational age, leak, length of gap, and tension, and still found almost 3 times higher stricture rates with transanastomotic tubes
Open